1. Member States shall ensure that resolution authorities, when they apply resolution tools and exercise resolution powers, take all appropriate measures to ensure that the resolution action is taken in accordance with the following principles:

(a) the shareholders of the undertaking under resolution bear first losses;

(b) creditors of the undertaking under resolution bear losses after the shareholders in accordance with the order of priority of their claims under normal insolvency proceedings, save as expressly provided for otherwise in this Directive;

(c) the administrative, management or supervisory body and the senior management of the undertaking under resolution are replaced, except where the retention, in whole or in part, of that body or the senior management is considered necessary for the achievement of the resolution objectives;

(d) the administrative, management or supervisory body and the senior management of the undertaking under resolution provide all assistance necessary for the achievement of the resolution objectives;