AI Summary of Article 31 Exchange of information between FIUs
Member States must ensure FIUs exchange, spontaneously or on request, any information relevant to analysing money laundering, predicate offences or terrorist financing, and persons involved, even if predicates are unidentified. Requests must set out facts, background, reasons, links to the requested FIU's Member State and intended use. Reports under Article 69(1)(a) concerning another Member State must be promptly forwarded. FIUs shall use their normal domestic powers when replying; enquiries about an obliged entity in another Member State must be sent to that State's FIU, which shall obtain and transfer the information under Article 69(1).
By 10 July 2026 AMLA shall submit draft implementing technical standards on exchange format and draft regulatory technical standards on relevance and selection criteria for Article 69(1)(a) reports for Commission adoption; by 10 July 2028 AMLA shall issue guidance on forwarding, receiving and follow‑up. FIUs must reply as soon as possible and no later than five working days if information is held or directly accessible (in justified cases up to ten); in urgent cases the deadline is one working day, with justification or postponement and up to a three‑day extension. Exchanges may be refused only for narrowly defined fundamental‑law exceptions which Member States must notify to the Commission by 10 July 2028; the Commission will publish a consolidated list and report to the European Parliament and Council by 10 July 2029.
Article 31 Exchange of information between FIUs
1. Member States shall ensure that FIUs exchange, spontaneously or upon request, any information that may be relevant for the processing or analysis of information by the FIU related to money laundering, its predicate offences, or terrorist financing, and the natural or legal person involved, regardless of the type of predicate offences that may be involved, and even if the type of predicate offences that may be involved is not identified at the time of the exchange.
A request shall contain the relevant facts, background information, reasons for the request, links with the country of the requested FIU and how the information sought will be used.
When an FIU receives a report pursuant to Article 69(1), the first subparagraph, point (a), of Regulation (EU) 2024/1624 which concerns another Member State, it shall promptly forward the report, or all the relevant information obtained from it, to the FIU of that other Member State.
2. By 10 July 2026, AMLA shall develop draft implementing technical standards and submit them to the Commission for adoption. Those draft implementing technical standards shall specify the format to be used for the exchange of the information referred to in paragraph 1.
Power is conferred on the Commission to adopt the implementing technical standards referred to in the first subparagraph in accordance with Article 53 of Regulation (EU) 2024/1620.