Risk factors firms should consider when identifying the risk associated with the level of predicate offences to money laundering include:

a) Is there information from credible and reliable public sources about the level of predicate offences to money laundering listed in Article 3(4) of Directive (EU) 2015/849, for example corruption, organised crime, tax crime and serious fraud? Examples include corruption perception indices; OECD country reports on the implementation of the OECD’s anti-bribery convention; and the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime World Drug Report.

b) Is there information from more than one credible and reliable source about the capacity of the jurisdiction’s investigative and judicial system effectively to investigate and prosecute these offences?