This Directive strengthens the EU AML/CFT framework by widening the scope of obliged entities to include providers of exchange services between virtual and fiat currencies, custodian wallet providers, art dealers and free‑ports operators, and by tightening rules on anonymous prepaid instruments. It mandates enhanced due diligence for business with high‑risk third countries, expands FIUs’ powers to obtain information and share intelligence, and requires centralised mechanisms to identify holders of bank and payment accounts and safe‑deposit boxes.

Member States must establish central beneficial‑ownership registers for corporate entities and for trusts or similar arrangements, with public access subject to narrowly drawn safety exemptions and data‑protection safeguards. The Directive enhances supervisory cooperation (including AML/prudential exchange), requires technical interconnection via the Central Platform, and introduces Commission reporting, implementing powers and firm transposition deadlines.